Волга – вчера, сегодня, завтра

Гордиенко У.А.

Научный руководитель: преподаватель английского языка Айрапетян М.М.

ГБОУ ВПО Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. Разумовского Минздрава РФ

Медицинский лицей

”Water, water everywhere,

Not any drop to drink…”

Samuel Taylor

The ecological situation in Saratov region doesn’t differ much from the situation in the neighbouring regions. In some aspects it is even worse because there are a lot of ecologically dangerous establishments in this area. In my work I want to pay attention to the ecological situation in Saratov area. The main water object is the river Volga, which extents in the area of 420 kms. The most part of the rivers in Volga region and part of the rivers on the Right Bank belong to the Volga pool.

Volga - the largest river in Russia, but the problem of pollution is long overdue. The state is not able to allocate funds for the operation of reservoirs in sufficient quantities. One of the problems is water pollution by sewage.

39% of all wastewater discharged into all the rivers of Russia, falls on the Volga. Together with the wastewater into the Volga annually get thousands of tons of organic substances, ammonia nitrogen, oil products, phenols, zinc etc. The level of pollution of water by ammonium nitrogen has made on the average 2 of ambient air standard. In all rivers water is characterized as “moderately polluted”.

 More than half of all discharges of accounts for communal services of cities and agriculture. It provides up to 20 % of nitrogen and 5% of phosphorus that enter into the river with pesticides washed out from the fields. With each hectare of farmland in the Volga annually gets up to one kg of pesticides. The amount of nutrients flowing into the Volga, with farmland, more than 400 thousand tons a year..

In recent years, people have become more sensitive towards the environment.

The solution of these problems depends on the local authorities’ work and on people’s awareness of ecological problems. Nowadays we can say that the system of ecological education has been created.

There may be at least two courses of action to avoid environmental doom. One would be to stop the industrial development, which is unrealistic. The other is to turn technology to the construction of physiologically and socially healthy environment, which seems, the only path to follow.

People should widely use purifying systems for cleaning, and trapping harmful substances, introduce pollution control system, protect and increase greenery and create green zones.

These simple, practical measures can improve ecological situation in every city and every country.